2023 Scope of Practice: Nurse Practitioners
The scope of practice of nurse practitioners can significantly vary by state. This interactive tool provides a snapshot of each state's scope of practice. For more specific information, please review the full state statute.
Interactive Scope of Practice Guide
Reduced: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority, but must have or do the following:
- Must have a standard written protocol agreement with a physician.
- Must have an active Limited Purpose Schedule II Permit (LPSP) approved by the ALBME.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full : NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority, and can prescribe Schedule II drugs if they’ve completed 15 hours in advanced pharmacotherapeutics and clinical management of drug therapy.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority but cannot prescribe refills. They would need to complete 45 hours in pharmacology and or clinical management of drug therapy.
Reduced: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Prescriptive Authority is limited to hydrocodone combination products, opioids and stimulants under specific requirements and is for a five day period or less.
Restricted: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority once they complete a course of schedule II controlled substances, have 6 months of physician supervised experience, and complete a pharmacology course.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority for schedule II drugs, but must first complete three years of clinical experience and 750 hours of prescribing mentorship with a physician or NP with full prescriptive authority.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority by must collaborate with a physician for 3 years and no less than 2000 hours. They must also complete 30 hours of education in pharmacology.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority, but a collaborative agreement is required to apply for prescriptive authority for the first 2 years and 4000 hours of practice. They are also required to complete at least 30 hours in advanced pharmacology and pharmacotherapeutics within the one year prior to Rx authority renewal.
Restricted: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Prescriptive Authority is limited. Only certain NPs have prescriptive authority for schedule II medications. These NPs include:
- NPs who have a master or doctoral degree in a clinical nurse specialty area with training in specialized practitioner skills
- A psychiatric NP who can prescribe psychotropic controlled substances to treat mental disorders.
Restricted: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
No prescriptive authority is granted.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority once they have met advanced pharmacology requirements for initial prescriptive authority pursuant to rules adopted by the board.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority once they have completed 30 hours of post-basic education in pharmacotherapeutics.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Restricted: NPs must have a collaborative agreement with physicians.
NPs have prescriptive authority once they complete at least 45 hours or graduate level pharmacology and annual completion of 5 hours of CE in pharmacology. However, they can only prescribe Schedule II drugs in 30-day amounts.
Reduced: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority based on their relationship with collaborating physicians and completion of a graduate level pharmacology course.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority and are fully authorized to independently prescribe drugs, devices and medical gases. NPs may also prescribe controlled substances once they register with the U.S. DEA and Iowa Board of Pharmacy.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority based on their specialty and whether they’ve filed a Controlled Substance Verification Form (CSVF) with the Kansas State BON.
Reduced: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements
Restricted: requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority based on their relationship with their collaborating physicians, but can prescribe controlled drugs in 30-day amounts with a KASPER account.
Reduced: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority only with authority granted by the Board of Nursing and must have a written collaborative practice agreement with a physician.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority after they have had 24 months of physician supervision. NPs can prescribe certain drugs after pharmacology course completion or a set amount of prescribing experience.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority but need physician supervision for the first 18 months of practice and require completed coursework in advanced pharmacology, advanced pathophysiology, and advanced physical assessment.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Restricted: Requires them to enter a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority after completing no less than 2 years of supervised practice and pharmacology courses. After obtaining pharmacology education, they may prescribe certain drugs, but amounts and refills will be limited.
Restricted: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority but there must be written guidelines with the collaborating physician. Prescriptive authority is only allowed in a 7-day supply upon the release of a patient and with a limited number of Schedule II prescriptions allowed in hospitals.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have full prescriptive authority without physician supervision.
Reduced: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority once they complete their application and board approved educational program.
Restricted: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
No, NP’s do not have prescriptive authority. Under the physician collaborative agreement, NPs are only authorized to prescribe hydrocodone combination products and will be limited to a one hundred twenty hours supply without refill.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority after completion of 45 contact hours in pharmacology, pharmacotherapeutics,and clinical management of drug therapy in the NP’s area of specialty.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority after at least 30 hours of a pharmacotherapeutics course and 2000 hours of physician supervised practice.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority, but must abide by protocol approved by a collaborating physician or should have at least 2 years or 2000 hours of clinical experience. They can prescribe certain drugs after completion of an advanced pharmacotherapeutics course and must submit an affidavit to the State Board of Nursing verifying an application made with the State Board of Pharmacy for a certificate of registration.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority once they complete at least 480 hours of clinical nursing practice, including pharmacological interventions.
Reduced: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority once they have a written collaborative agreement with a physician and must complete 39 hours in pharmacology and 6 contact hours in pharmacology related substances.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Reduced: NPs can prescribe certain drugs after verification and a set number of work experience hours.
Full: NPs must enter into a written collaborative practice agreement with a physician qualified to practice in the NP’s speciality area of practice, but is authorized to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision in accordance with written agreement.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority after completion of 3 semester hours in pharmacotherapeutics and a set number of practice hours with their collaborating physician.
Restricted: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority after completing a NP education program that includes pharmacology in its core curriculum. The NP must abide by the written practice agreement with the collaborating physician. Prescriptive authority is limited to a 30 day supply.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients, as well as prescribe, administer, and dispense medication.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority after completing 30 contact hours of education in pharmacotherapy.
Each licensee must apply for and receive a drug enforcement administration number before writing prescriptions for controlled substances.
Reduced: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
No, NPs do not have prescriptive authority. NPs can only prescribe Schedule II narcotics if:
- Patient has a terminal condition.
- Physician initially prescribed the substance for the patient.
- The prescription is for a quantity that does not exceed amount necessary for the patient’s use in a single, seventy-two hour period.
Restricted: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
No, NPs do not have prescriptive authority. NPs need to be supervised by a physician when ordering and dispensing any medication. They also need to provide evidence of completion of a minimum 45 contact hours or 3 academic credits hours of pharmacotherapy education. These need to be obtained within 3 years of application date.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority after completing 45 hours of a pharmacology course and a pharmacotherapeutic practicum. The Board of Nursing will authorize authority based NP’s scope of specialty practice and competency.
Restricted: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians but can:
- Perform comprehensive assessments of patients and establish medical diagnoses
- Order, perform, and supervise diagnostic tests
- Develop and implement treatment plans
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority based on their specialty and relationship with their collaborating physician. NPs are limited to prescribing up to 30 day-day supply as identified in collaborative agreement.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority. NPs with a population focus in psychiatric/mental health may prescribe schedule II narcotics classified as stimulants.
Restricted: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority if listed in the practice agreement, but must not exceed a five-day supply. May include schedule II narcotics for patients in hospice or palliative care, or for patients in long-term care facilities, if listed in the practice agreement but cannot exceed a thirty day supply. Another prescription can not be written without the written agreement of the collaborating physician.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority without supervisory physician requirements for schedule II prescribing limits as long as they have completed and filed a Practice Verification Form to verify a minimum 1,040 licensed practice hours as a NP.
Restricted: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority, but in a reduced capacity in select practice types and settings or for patient populations.
Restricted: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority but must maintain a prescriptive authority agreement or protocol with a physician.
Full: NP can practice independently without physician oversight.
Full: No collaborative agreement needed.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority. However, NPs who are engaged in an independent practice and have been licensed for less than one year or have less than 2000 hours of experience may not prescribe schedule II narcotics without a consultation or referral plan.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.They need to have at least 24 months and 2400 hours of licensed active NP in an initial role and population focus or at least 12 months and 1600 hours for any additional role and population focus to practice without a collaborating provider.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority after completion of advanced pharmacotherapeutics educational requirements.
Restricted: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority completing 30 hours of pharmacology or pharmacotherapeutics education and informing patients they’re NPs. NPs who have practiced for less than 5 years will need physician involvement.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority after completion of 30 hours of pharmacotherapeutics education and a set number of experience hours.
Reduced: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements, but can diagnose and treat patients without physician involvement.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
No, NPs do not have prescriptive authority and must have a written collaborative agreement with a physician.
Reduced: NPs must enter a collaborative agreement with physicians for one or more NP practice elements.
Restricted: Requires a collaborative agreement with physicians.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority but only in very limited circumstances. NPs in certain practice areas can prescribe narcotics after completion of pharmacology or therapeutics educational requirements.
Full: Authorized by state law to see and diagnose patients and prescribe medications.
Full: NPs can independently diagnose and treat patients without physician supervision.
Yes, NPs have prescriptive authority after completing and submitting evidence of pharmacology and clinical pharmacotherapeutics educational requirements.
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